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ELCOtherOriginating Summons dated 26th September 2025

Ngumbao v Onyango (Miscellaneous Application E050 of 2025) [2026] KEELC 3186 (KLR)

Environment and Land Court
20 May 2026
MNMwangi Njoroge
391 words in judgment
View original judgmentRead on Kenya Law Watch case
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The bottom line

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A Kenyan court ruled that parties cannot transfer a land case between courts by agreement — only the court itself can order that transfer.

What this practically means

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Executive summary

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This was an Originating Summons dated 26th September 2025 premised on the doctrine of adverse possession, in which the plaintiff sought relief against the defendant before the Environment and Land Court at Malindi. The summons disclosed the existence of a pending suit, MCELC No ELC E120 of 2025 Margaret Adhiambo Onyango v Raymond Karisa Ngumbao, in which the defendant had sued the plaintiff before the Magistrate's Court at Malindi for recovery of vacant possession. The plaintiff contended that the magistrates' court lacked jurisdiction over that matter. No formal application for transfer had been filed; instead, the parties had executed a consent dated 16th December 2025 purporting to transfer the lower court matter to the ELC. The court held that transfer of suits cannot be effected by consent, as it is a matter reserved for the discretion of the court, and accordingly rejected the consent. It further held that under section 18(1)(b)(i) of the Civil Procedure Act, a formal application is not required before the court withdraws a suit from a subordinate court to itself. Invoking the overriding objectives of expedition and affordability of justice under Sections 1A and 1B, the court suo motu withdrew the magistrates' court suit and transferred it to the ELC at Malindi for hearing and final disposal, directing that a separate file be opened for it and that it be mentioned together with the present file on 28th May 2026 for consolidation and directions. The judgment contains no costs order.

Questions the Court framed

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The issues the Court set itself to decide, in its own words.

  1. 1.Whether a subordinate court suit can be transferred to the ELC by consent of the parties
  2. 2.Whether the court can withdraw the suit MCELC No ELC E120 of 2025 from the Magistrate's Court to itself without a formal application, under section 18(1)(b)(i) of the Civil Procedure Act

Key legal issues

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01

Whether transfer of a suit from the magistrates' court to the ELC can be achieved by consent of the parties

Holding

The court rejected the consent, holding that transfer is a matter for the court's discretion, not the parties.

Reasoning

The court noted the originating summons disclosed a pending magistrates' court suit between the same parties but that there was no application for transfer, only a consent dated 16th December 2025. It held that transfer of suits cannot be by consent since it is reserved for the court's discretion, and accordingly rejected the consent.

p. 1
02

Whether a formal application is required before the court withdraws a suit from a subordinate court under section 18(1)(b)(i)

Holding

No application is required; the provision does not mandate one.

Reasoning

The court held that although no application for transfer had been filed, the terms of section 18(1)(b)(i) of the Civil Procedure Act do not require an application before the court withdraws a suit from a subordinate court for trial or disposal. In the interest of expedition and affordability of justice under Sections 1A and 1B, the court exercised the power directly.

p. 1

Legal principles established

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  • Transfer of suits cannot be effected by consent of the parties; it is reserved for the court's discretion.
  • Section 18(1)(b)(i) of the Civil Procedure Act does not require an application for the court to withdraw a suit from a subordinate court to itself.

Court orders

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  1. 1.Rejection of the consent dated 16th December 2025 purporting to transfer the lower court matter to the ELC
  2. 2.Suit MCELC No ELC E120 of 2025 Margaret Adhiambo Onyango Versus Raymond Karisa Ngumbao withdrawn from the Magistrate's Court at Malindi and transferred to the Environment and Land Court Malindi for hearing and final disposal
  3. 3.Upon transfer a separate file to be commenced and retained for that case in the ELC registry
  4. 4.The transferred case, once issued a new number at the Malindi ELC registry, to be brought up together with this file for mention on 28/5/2026 for an order of consolidation, after which directions as to hearing shall be issued

The bench

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One judgment of the whole court — no separate or dissenting opinions.

MN
majority

Wrote the judgment

Jurisdiction invoked
Section 18(1)(b)(i) of the Civil Procedure Act

Relief refused

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Recognition of the parties' consent dated 16th December 2025 transferring the lower court matter to the ELC

Transfer of suits cannot be effected by consent; it is a matter reserved for the discretion of the court

p. 1

Costs

No costs order made in the judgment.

Quotable passages

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Verbatim from the judgment, each located to the page it appears on in the official PDF — so these can be cited and checked directly.

Transfer of suits can not be by way of a consent. It is a matter reserved for the discretion of the court according to order a transfer.
p. 1Transfer of suits cannot be by consent of parties
The suit MCELC No ELC E120 of 2025 Margaret Adhiambo Onyango Versus Raymond Karisa Ngumbao is hereby withdrawn from the Magistrate’s Court at Malindi and transferred to the Environment and Land Court Malindi for hearing and final disposal;
p. 2Final orders - withdrawal and transfer of suit
The said case once transferred and issued a new number at the Malindi ELC registry the same shall be brought up together with this file for a mention on 28/5/2026 for an order of consolidation to be made on the record after which directions as to hearing shall be issued.
p. 2Final orders - consolidation and directions

Issues in the judgment

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minor

The judgment refers to section 18(1)(b)(1) of the Civil Procedure Act, likely a typographical rendering of section 18(1)(b)(i).

minor

The judgment refers to a consent dated 16th December 2025 while the originating summons is dated 26th September 2025; the sequence is internally consistent but the consent post-dates the suit by nearly three months without explanation.

Key timeline

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Practical implications

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Frequently asked questions

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Cite this brief

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Cite this brief

Caselaw, "Ngumbao v Onyango (Miscellaneous Application E050 of 2025) [2026] KEELC 3186 (KLR)", Case Analysis (2026). Originating Summons dated 26th September 2025. Source: https://new.kenyalaw.org/akn/ke/judgment/keelc/2026/3186/eng@2026-05-20

Suggested citation format for research notes or client memos. Always verify the original judgment before relying on any point.